What role does cargo weight play in vehicle stopping distance?

The correct answer highlights a critical aspect of vehicle dynamics: heavier cargo increases stopping distance. When a vehicle is loaded with more weight, it requires more time and distance to come to a complete stop. This is due to the fact that increased weight generates greater momentum; as a result, the vehicle's brakes must work harder to overcome that momentum.

When brakes are applied, the friction created between the brake pads and the brake rotors struggles against the inertia of the heavier load, meaning the vehicle will take longer to decelerate adequately. Furthermore, heavier loads can impact handling and stability, making it more challenging for the driver to maintain control during the stopping process.

Understanding this principle is crucial for drivers of commercial vehicles, as they must calculate their stopping distance accurately to ensure safety on the road and comply with regulations regarding safe driving practices.